Listuguj Consonant Phoneme Table

Listuguj Francis/Smith IPA VPM Example Words
p p p voiceless bilabial plosive pugtew 'fire', pe'sgewei 'gun/rifle', nipugt 'forest', mt'p 'brain'
t t t voiceless alveolar plosive tmawei 'tobacco', temte'g 's/he breaks it by hitting', gesita'tl 's/he hurts someone badly', si'st 'three'
g k g voiced velar plosive gelu'lg 'it's good', guntew 'a rock', igeggwet 's/he gets sick', gitaqeg 'it is sore from work/exercise'
q q q voiceless uvular plosive qame'g 'on the other side of river/valley', gaqtugwaw 'thunder', jampo'qiet 's/he is doing somersaults', qasawo'q 'iron'
gw kw gw labialized velar plosive tapusi'gw 'we are two' (inclusive), Gisu'lgw 'the one who made us', nesuto'gsi'gw 's/he won or beat us three', gwe' 'greetings or hello'
qw qw qw labialized uvular plosive qwalqwasiet 'the setting sun', qwa'niej 'phoney person', qwaniejuwei 'fake/not the real thing'
j j ʧ voiceless palatoalveolar affricate jipji'j 'bird', jugu'wa 'come here', jigla'si 'go away', jiptug 'perhaps'
s s s voiceless alveolar fricative sepei 'this morning', sismo'qon 'maple sugar/sugar', tapuisqa'q 'twenty', Se'sus 'Jesus'
m m m bilabial nasal maqtawe'g 'black or is being black', eptaqano'guom 'cupboard', tmi'gn 'axe', amgwes 'the first one/time'
n n n alveolar nasal nasgwa'tu 'divide it', nantunewet 'reaching around under something eg. under seagrass for eels', sgilminn 'seeds', Se'ta'n 'St. Anne'
l l l alveolar lateral approximant lusgnign 'bannok', pelqa'toq s/he peels it', llgusuaqan 'ladder', elpilatl 's/he sends him/her by rope'
i y j palatal approximant iap 'bull moose', gaqtaqaiet 'the end of rope or string', atlaig 'shirts', asgaiwatl 'causes hurt', atnamgewei 'checker game'
w w w labio-velar approximant wela'lin 'thank you', welm'toq 's/he is kind', wisawe'g 'yellow or is being yellow', welm'tu'ti'gw 'we are kind'

Listuguj Vowel Phoneme Table

Listuguj Francis Smith IPA HAR (Height, Advancement, Rounding) Example Words
i i i close (high) front unrounded ilta'toq 's/he closes it', istua'latl 's/he turns him/her sideways', naspit 's/he is attached', mijua'ji'j 'child'
e ε ε open-mid front unrounded ewle'jit 's/he is poor/pitiful', e'pite'ji'j 'little girl', na'te'l 'there', neget 'that one'
a ɑ ɑ open back low unrounded a'papi 'rope', lpa 'that's definite', eta 'it was', amatpa't 'foolish thinker or crazy'
o o o closed-mid back rounded o'plteg 'it's not set right', oqnisgwa'tu 'cover it up', giwto'qigsma'toq 's/he pushes it around in a circle', nsanoqon 'danger'
u u u close back rounded ugsua'tu 'take it', ugsuguni 'his/her tail', ulugun 'his/her thigh', ugtejgewei 'the last one'
i' i: i: long vowel (applies to all vowels) i'tew 's/he will be there', ji'nm 'a man', e'pit 'a woman', je'g 'jack in cards', a'pi 'fishing net', nijja't 's/he falls', o'pla'teget 's/he does wrong', samqwano'q 'water container', u'j 'house fly', u'nig 'it's foggy'
' ə ə mid central unrounded (not always written) pans'g 's/he cuts it open', n'mi' 'term of affection for one's grandmother', esp'pit 'sitting high up', etliatl /edêliadêl/ 's/he is making it'

This lesson covers the Listuguj Consonant and Vowel Phoneme Tables.

Study the tables to learn about the different sounds in the Mi'gmaq language.